A new “sweet” ligand for Toll-like receptor 4

A new “sweet” ligand for Toll-like receptor 4

One of the common features found in many neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson ́s and Alzheimer ́s diseases or during stroke, is an ongoing neuroinflammatory response driven by glia (microglia and astrocytes) and immune cells from the peripheral immune system (monocytes, neutrophils, T cells, ... ). While a “healthy” activation of the neuroinflammatory response is beneficial through prote...

Toll Like Receptor-4 896A/G Gene Variation, a Risk Factor for Migraine Headaches

Background: The pathogenesis of migraine involves immune-mediated mechanisms in the vascular endothelium. Toll like receptor 4 (TLR-4) is a signaling receptor of innate immunity which plays a role in various neuropathologies related to neuron inflammation. Objective: This case/control study is aimed to investigate whether TLR- 4 896A/G variation is related to migraine headaches in an Iranian po...

Toll-Like Receptor 4 and Toll-IL-1 Receptor

toll-like receptor 4 in ventilator-induced lung injuries

toll like receptors (tlrs) recognize pathogens and generate an immediate defense response by inducing the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines, which rapidly destroy or limit the pathogens. in their bridging role, tlr downstream signals link innate and adaptive immunity, particularly by mediating dc maturation and activation of pathogen specific t lymphocytes. these pathways lead to the act...

toll like receptor-4 896a/g gene variation, a risk factor for migraine headaches

background: the pathogenesis of migraine involves immune-mediated mechanisms in the vascular endothelium. toll like receptor 4 (tlr-4) is a signaling receptor of innate immunity which plays a role in various neuropathologies related to neuron inflammation. objective: this case/control study is aimed to investigate whether tlr- 4 896a/g variation is related to migraine headaches in an iranian po...